Giant Tunneling Magnetoresistance, Glassiness, and the Energy Landscape at Nanoscale Cluster Coexistence

We present microscopic results on the giant tunneling magnetoresistance that arises from the nanoscale coexistence of ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) and antiferromagnetic insulating (AFI) clusters in a disordered two dimensional electron system with competing double exchange and superexchange interactions. Our Monte Carlo study allows us to map out the different field regimes in magnetotransport and correlate it with the evolution of spatial structures. At coexistence, the isotropic O(3) model shows signs of slow relaxation, and has a high density of low energy metastable states, but no genuine glassiness. However, in the presence of weak magnetic anisotropy, and below a field dependent irreversibility temperature $T_{irr}$, the response on field cooling (FC) differs distinctly from that on zero field cooling (ZFC). We map out the phase diagram of this `phase coexistence glass', highlight how its response differs from that of a standard spin glass, and compare our results with data on the manganites.Comment: Final published versio

Nonlinear Effects in Cavitation Cloud Dynamics

This paper presents a spectral analysis of the response of a fluid containing bubbles to the motions of a wall oscillating normal to itself. First, a fourier series analysis of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation is used to obtain an approximate solution for the nonlinear effects in the oscillations of a single bubble. This is used in the approximate solution of the oscillating wall problem and the resulting expressions are evaluated numerically in order to examine the nonlinear effects. The frequency content of the bubble radius and pressure oscillations near the wall is examined. Nonlinear effects are seen to increase with increased amplitude of wall oscillation, reduced void fraction and viscous and surface tension effects

Diurnal variation of galactic cosmic ray intensity on quiet days

A detailed study of the diurnal variation on long term basis was performed on geomagnetically quiet days using the experimental data of the cosmic ray intensity from the worldwide neutron monitoring stations. During the period when the polarity of the solar magnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere of the sun is negative the phase and amplitude of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days was observed to remain almost constant. When the polarity of solar magnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere changes from negative to positive, a shift in the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days towards earlier hours is observed and the shift is found to be maximum during minimum solar activity periods 1953-54 and 1975-76. When the polarity of solar magnetic field changes from positive to negative in the Northern Hemisphere of the Sun the phase of the diurnal anisotropy on quiet days recovers to its usual direction of corotational anisotropy and is observed to remain almost constant till the polarity of the solar magnetic field does not change

A Multisection Broadband Impedance Transforming Branch-Line Hybrid

Measurements and design equations for a two section impedance transforming hybrid suitable for MMIC applications and a new method of synthesis for multisection branch-line hybrids are reported. The synthesis method allows the response to be specified either of Butterworth or Chebyshev type. Both symmetric (with equal input and output impedances) and non-symmetric (impedance transforming) designs are feasible. Starting from a given number of sections, type of response, and impedance transformation ratio and for a specified midband coupling, power division ratio, isolation or directivity ripple bandwidth, the set of constants needed for the evaluation of the reflection coefficient response is first calculated. The latter is used to define a driving point impedance of the circuit, synthesize it and obtain the branch line immittances with the use of the concept of double length unit elements (DLUE). The experimental results obtained with microstrip hybrids constructed to test the validity of the brute force optimization and the synthesized designs show very close agreement with the computed responses.Comment: 6 pages and 14 figures. Published in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique

NMR investigation of contextuality in a quantum harmonic oscillator via pseudospin mapping

Physical potentials are routinely approximated to harmonic potentials so as to analytically solve the system dynamics. Often it is important to know when a quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) behaves quantum mechanically and when classically. Recently Su et. al. [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 85}, 052126 (2012)] have theoretically shown that QHO exhibits quantum contextuality (QC) for a certain set of pseudospin observables. In this work, we encode the four eigenstates of a QHO onto four Zeeman product states of a pair of spin-1/2 nuclei. Using the techniques of NMR quantum information processing, we then demonstrate the violation of a state-dependent inequality arising from the noncontextual hidden variable model, under specific experimental arrangements. We also experimentally demonstrate the violation of a state-independent inequality by thermal equilibrium states of nuclear spins, thereby assessing their quantumness.Comment: 5 Pages, 3 Figures, context dependency illustrated, error below eq. 5 correcte

Constraints on the Neutrino Parameters from the `Rise-up' in the Boron Neutrino Spectrum at Low Energies

The rise-up in boron neutrino spectrum at low energies has been studied within the framework of `pure LMA' scenario. Indirect bounds on the spectral `upturn' have been obtained from the available solar neutrino data. These bounds have been used to demonstrate the efficacy of the precision measurements of the `upturn' for further constraining the neutrino parameter space allowed by SNO salt phase data. The sterile neutrino flux has been constrained in the light of the recent 766.3 Ty KamLAND spectral data.Comment: Latex 10pages including 3 postscript figure